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In this section we study about the continent such as Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Oceania.

Oceania is the smallest continent of the earth. It spans the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. This continent is also known as the Australia continent. It is surrounded by the Indian, Antarctica, and Pacific Oceans. In the Oceania continent, there are 14 United Nation recognized countries and 28 non-sovereign territories. The largest country of this continent is Australia and the smallest country is Nauru.

South America is the fourth largest continent of the earth.In South America, there are 12 United Nation recognized countries, 3 dependent territories of other countries, and 1 integral territory primarily of non- North American countries. The largest country of this continent is Brazil and the smallest country is Suriname.

North America is the third largest continent of the earth.It covers an area of 24,709,000 square km, almost 16.5% of Earth’s total land area. It is the fourth most populous continent of the world. In North America, there are 23 United Nation recognized countries, 9 dependent territories of other countries, and 16 integral territories primarily of non- North American countries.

Europe is the second smallest continent of the earth. It is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. The European continent shares borders with the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Black Sea to the southeast and Asia to the east. It covers an area of 10,180,000 square km, almost 6.8% of Earth’s total land area.

Africa is the second largest continent of the earth. It covers an area of 30,370,000 square km, almost 20% of Earth’s land area. It is the second-most populous continent of the world. In Africa, there are 54 United Nations recognized countries, 2 de facto states (not recognized by the United Nations), and 11 dependent territories of other countries. The largest country of this continent is Algeria and the smallest country is Seychelles.

Asia is the largest and most diverse continent of the earth. It is located in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres. Asia covers an area of 44,614,000 square km, almost 30% of Earth’s total land area. It is the most populous continent of the world.

The river always plays an important role in the evolution of civilization. The river supplies the water for the growth of animals, plants, and humans. Water is necessary for the development of cities. Therefore, all the major cities in the world are situated near the banks of the river. 

The river always plays an important role in the evolution of civilization. The river supplies the water for the growth of animals, plants, and humans. Water is necessary for the development of cities. Therefore, all the major cities in India are situated near the banks of the river.

In this section, we described India’s National Symbols such as the National flag, the National Anthem, the National Emblem, the National Song, the National Calendar etc.